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Sheep breeding sheep only technical points
Raising sheep in a controlled environment can effectively address the growing conflict between agriculture, forestry, and animal husbandry. It helps to expand forage resources, utilize crop stalks comprehensively, enrich the soil with organic fertilizers, increase grain production, and reduce environmental degradation caused by excessive resource use. Additionally, it minimizes pollution from straw burning, contributing to better ecological conditions. Compared to traditional grazing, caged sheep grow faster, reach slaughter weight sooner, have better meat quality, and offer higher economic returns. Through practical experience, the following specific measures can be implemented:
First, selecting high-quality breeds is crucial for successful sheep farming. Local breeds such as the Little Tail Han sheep, hornless Merino fine-wool sheep, and imported breeds like the hornless Suffolk, Charolais, and Seth are well-suited for confined rearing. If the goal is to sell purebred sheep, focus on breeding pure lines. For commercial purposes, crossbreeding hornless breeds like Suffolk, Charolais, and Small Tail Han with Merino fine-wool sheep can maximize economic benefits.
Second, constructing a comfortable and hygienic sheep shed is essential. The shelter should be well-ventilated, dry, clean, and provide cooling in summer and warmth in winter. It can be built as a single-slope or fully enclosed structure. A single-slope design typically has a back wall height of 1.8 meters and a roof slope of 15 degrees, which can be covered with plastic sheets in winter. Fully enclosed sheds have walls 2.3–2.5 meters high, doors 2–2.5 meters wide, and windows that allow sufficient sunlight. The floor should be 20–30 cm above ground level, sloped for drainage. Adult sheep require about 1.5–2 square meters each, while pregnant ewes, nursing sheep, and rams need more space. A playground area should be 2–3 times the size of the shed, allowing sheep to move freely, breathe fresh air, and get sunlight, improving their overall health and comfort.
Third, preparing adequate feed is a critical part of caged sheep farming and a major cost factor. Farmers should develop a tailored feeding plan based on local conditions, ensuring diverse feed sources, seasonal balance, and phased supply. Four main methods can be used: collecting nutrient-rich plant parts like peanut pods, sweet potato vines, and willow leaves; crushing dried corn stalks for silage; using by-products like vinasse and tofu residue; and planting high-quality pastures such as alfalfa and grain pods.
Fourth, proper feeding and management practices are vital. Designing feeding troughs, water troughs, and salt dispensers helps prevent waste and ensures hygiene. Sheep should be separated by size and sex. Feed should be placed in troughs for free access, with small, frequent meals (2–3 times daily). Water should be changed daily, and each sheep should receive 5–10 grams of salt per day. Depending on growth stages, concentrate supplements should be adjusted—4:1 for fattening sheep, 5:1 for pregnant ewes, and 4:1 for rams.
Finally, disease prevention is key to healthy sheep farming. Maintaining cleanliness, disinfecting regularly, and avoiding contaminated feed are essential. Feeding equipment should be kept clean, and the shed and playground must be regularly cleaned and disinfected. Avoid purchasing sheep from outside to prevent disease spread. Vaccinate against foot-and-mouth disease, goat pox, and sheep triple vaccination. Regular deworming with drugs like avermectin and ivermectin is also necessary. After lambing, sheep’s activity area decreases, leading to damp and unsanitary conditions, increasing the risk of parasitic diseases. Thus, maintaining good hygiene, ventilation, and moisture control in the shed is crucial for disease prevention and treatment.