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Sheep breeding sheep only technical points
Raising sheep in a controlled environment can effectively address the growing conflicts between agriculture, forestry, and animal husbandry. It helps to open up forage resources, promote the comprehensive use of crop stalks, enrich the soil with organic fertilizers, boost grain production, and reduce environmental degradation caused by excessive resource exploitation. Additionally, it minimizes pollution from straw burning, contributing to a healthier ecological environment. Compared to traditional grazing, caged sheep grow faster, reach market weight sooner, and offer better meat quality and higher economic returns.
After practical experience, the following specific measures can be implemented:
First, selecting high-quality breeds is crucial. In our city, breeds like the Little Tail Han sheep, hornless Merino fine-wool sheep, and imported breeds such as Seth, Suffolk, and Charolais are well-suited for caged rearing. If the goal is to sell purebred sheep, focus on breeding pure lines. For commercial purposes, crossbreeding hornless Seth, Suffolk, and Charolais with Little Tail Han sheep or Merino fine-wool sheep can maximize economic benefits through hybrid vigor.
Second, constructing a comfortable shed is essential. The shelter should be well-ventilated, dry, clean, and provide a cool environment in summer and warmth in winter. It can be built as a single-slope or fully enclosed structure. A single-slope shed typically has a back wall height of 1.8 meters and a roof slope of 15 degrees, which can be covered with plastic in winter. Fully enclosed sheds have walls 2.3–2.5 meters high, doors 2–2.5 meters wide, and windows that allow sunlight. The floor should be 20–30 cm above ground level and sloped for drainage. Adult sheep need about 1.5–2 square meters each, while pregnant ewes, nursing sheep, and rams require more space. A play area twice to three times the size of the shed is also recommended, allowing sheep to move freely, breathe fresh air, and enjoy sunlight, which helps maintain good health.
Third, preparing sufficient feed is a critical part of caged sheep farming. Farmers should create a tailored feeding plan based on local conditions, ensuring a balanced diet throughout the seasons. Feed can be sourced in four ways: collecting nutritious pods and leaves like peanut pods, sweet potato vines, and willow leaves; crushing dried corn stalks for silage; using by-products like vinasse and tofu residue; and planting high-quality pastures such as alfalfa and grain legumes.
Fourth, proper feeding and management are key. Design feeding troughs, water troughs, and salt dispensers to prevent trampling and contamination. Separate male and female sheep based on their size. Feed them small amounts two to three times daily, keeping water clean and changing it daily. Each sheep should receive 5–10 grams of salt per day, available in a salt tank. Adjust concentrate feed according to growth stages—fattening sheep need a 4:1 ratio of roughage to concentrate, while pregnant sheep and rams require a 5:1 and 4:1 ratio, respectively.
Finally, disease prevention is vital. Maintain hygiene, regularly clean and disinfect the premises, and avoid feeding moldy or spoiled materials. Use only clean water and utensils. Avoid introducing animals from outside to prevent disease spread. Regular vaccinations against foot-and-mouth disease, goat pox, and sheep triple vaccination are necessary. Insect control should be done twice a year, using drugs like avermectin and ivermectin. After lambing, sheep’s activity decreases, leading to damp and unsanitary conditions, increasing the risk of parasitic diseases. Therefore, maintaining cleanliness, ventilation, and moisture control in the shed is essential for preventing illness.