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Scientific method to identify the gender of pigeons
To identify male and female pigeons, there are several key characteristics to observe. These methods can help you determine the sex of your pigeons with greater accuracy.
First, consider the growth rate and body size. Male pigeons (cocks) typically grow faster and develop larger bodies compared to females (hens). This is one of the more obvious indicators, especially when observing young birds.
Second, watch their feeding behavior. When food is available, male pigeons tend to be more aggressive and rush to feed first, while hens usually wait their turn or feed more calmly.
Third, examine the vent area when the pigeon is 4–5 days old. From the side, a cock’s vent has a short lower edge that is covered by the upper edge, whereas a hen’s vent has a longer lower edge that covers the upper part. When viewed from the front, a cock’s vent curves downward at both ends, while a hen’s vent curves upward. However, after 5 days of age, this method becomes less reliable due to changes in the vent structure.
Fourth, check the reaction of the pigeon at around 10 days old. If you gently touch the front of the bird, a cock will react quickly, showing sensitivity, raising its feathers, and becoming alert. Hens, on the other hand, tend to be calmer and less reactive.
In addition to these physical signs, there are other behavioral and anatomical traits to consider:
1. **Nasal Tumors**: Males have larger, broader nasal tumors, while females have smaller and narrower ones. This is most noticeable in older pigeons.
2. **Cocks vs. Hens**: The shape of the cloaca (vent) differs between sexes. Cocks have a wider and shorter cloaca, while hens have a narrower and longer one.
3. **Egg-Setting Behavior**: Between 5 p.m. and 9 a.m., hens are more likely to sit on eggs, while cocks are more active during the day, from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m.
4. **Body Size and Feathers**: Males generally have larger bodies and feet, with a smaller, five-pointed cloak. Hens have smaller frames and a larger, crescent-shaped cloak.
5. **Mating Behavior**: During the breeding season, males become more aggressive, chasing hens and displaying behaviors like fluffing their neck feathers and making "squeaky" sounds. Hens, on the other hand, are often quieter and less active during this time.
By combining these observations, you can more accurately determine the sex of your pigeons. Each method may not be 100% foolproof on its own, but together they offer a comprehensive approach to identification. Whether you're raising pigeons for show, racing, or simply as pets, understanding these traits can help you better care for and manage your flock.
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