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Cattle keep winter safely
During the winter season, from the start of winter until the following spring equinox, cattle enter their critical wintering period. As temperatures drop, their nutritional needs increase, particularly for energy-rich feeds. Ensuring proper care during this time is essential to prepare for the upcoming spring plowing season. Effective winter management plays a key role in maintaining the health and productivity of the herd.
Adequate winter forage should be stored in advance. In rural farming areas, straw is commonly used as the primary feed for cattle during the cold months. Early-cut straw is more palatable, has higher nutritional value, and contains fewer pesticide residues compared to late-cut straw. It's recommended that each adult cow have access to approximately 1,700 kilograms of forage, while adult water buffalo may require around 2,500 kilograms. If possible, silage can also be prepared to provide additional variety and nutrition.
Maintaining warmth and protecting against cold is crucial. Before winter sets in, inspect the barns to ensure there are no leaks or drafts. The floor should remain dry, and the structure should offer good insulation. During rainy or snowy days, when grazing time is limited and manure accumulates, it’s important to regularly replace bedding materials to keep the barn clean and dry. Improving insulation helps reduce heat loss and keeps the cattle comfortable.
Nutritional support must be increased during winter. Cattle raised for beef often require more energy than dairy cows. Simply feeding them straw may not meet their full nutritional needs, so it's advisable to supplement with concentrates like bran, rice bran, corn flour, or wheat middlings. Special attention should be given to thin, weak, old, pregnant, or young animals, ensuring they receive adequate nutrients. Provide warm water instead of cold river or pond water, as drinking cold water can lead to digestive issues such as bloat or gastric obstruction. When temperatures fall below 12°C, consuming too much cold water can lower a cow’s body temperature by 1–2°C, causing unnecessary energy loss and potential health problems.
Disease prevention is also vital during winter, as gastrointestinal issues and rheumatism are more common in this season. Regular monitoring and timely treatment are necessary. On sunny days, allow the cattle to graze outside the barn for some exercise, which helps improve circulation and strengthen their bodies. Light work or movement can also help maintain muscle tone and joint flexibility, reducing the risk of illness and keeping the herd in better condition for the coming spring.