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Cattle keep winter safely
During the winter season, from the start of winter until the following spring equinox, cattle enter their critical wintering period. As temperatures drop, their energy requirements increase significantly. Proper management during this time is essential to ensure that they remain healthy and ready for the upcoming spring plowing season.
One of the most important steps in wintering cattle is to store sufficient forage. In rural farming areas, straw is typically the main feed. Early-cut straw tends to be more palatable, richer in nutrients, and contains fewer pesticide residues compared to late-cut straw. It’s recommended that each adult cow has access to about 1,700 kilograms of winter forage, while adult buffaloes should have around 2,500 kilograms. If possible, silage should also be prepared as an additional nutritional supplement.
Maintaining a warm and dry environment is crucial for cattle during winter. Before the cold sets in, inspect the barns to ensure there are no leaks or drafts. The floor should remain dry, and proper insulation is necessary. During rainy or snowy days, when grazing time is limited, cattle may produce more waste. Regularly changing the bedding helps keep the barn clean and dry, which improves overall insulation and reduces the risk of illness.
Nutritional needs also rise during the winter months. Cattle require more energy to maintain body heat, especially when feeding only on straw. To meet these demands, it's advisable to supplement their diet with concentrated feeds such as bran, rice bran, corn flour, and other energy-rich ingredients. Special attention should be given to thin, weak, old, pregnant, or young cattle, as they need extra nutrients. Providing warm water instead of cold river or pond water is also important, as drinking cold water can lead to digestive issues like bloat or gastric obstruction. When temperatures fall below 12°C, consuming too much cold water can lower a cow’s body temperature by 1–2°C, which uses up valuable energy and weakens their health.
Disease prevention is another key aspect of winter cattle care. Gastrointestinal problems and rheumatism are common during this time, so regular monitoring and prompt treatment are essential. On sunny days, it’s beneficial to take the cattle outside to bask in the sunlight and get some exercise. Light labor can also help improve circulation, strengthen muscles and bones, and boost overall immunity, reducing the chances of illness.
By focusing on proper feeding, housing, and health care, farmers can ensure their cattle stay strong and healthy throughout the winter, setting them up for a productive and successful spring season.