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Family Nurturing Technology Experience
Zongzi, a traditional Chinese delicacy, is not only celebrated for its cultural significance but also valued for its medicinal properties. It’s believed to possess anti-cancer, detoxifying, and pain-relieving qualities. Moreover, zongzi is a staple in Chinese cuisine and highly sought after. Due to the depletion of wild resources, artificial cultivation has emerged as a promising path that benefits both the nation and its people.
Raising zongzi at home requires minimal investment, low labor, simple technology, and offers substantial returns. Using 7,500 floating platforms, one can cultivate 7,500 female and 2,500 male individuals annually. Each female can produce 20 offspring per year. Prices vary depending on market conditions, but annual earnings can reach between 40,000 to 50,000 yuan.
Scorpions, the creatures cultivated, are social by nature and thrive in environments between 4 to 20 degrees Celsius. They can survive up to four to five months without food. Young scorpions can live off the yolk for the first seven to ten days after birth. After their first molt, they transition to second instar stage. The molted scorpions grow significantly, becoming more active, and start moving around their mother. Once they leave their mother's back after four to five days, they begin to live independently. During this time, the mother remains mostly inactive, focusing on protecting her young and ensuring their safety. If disturbed, she may even abandon or eat her offspring.
Scorpions require six molts to reach reproductive maturity, which takes about three years in a natural setting. In controlled environments, it can be achieved in one to two years. Under optimal conditions, they can reproduce continuously for five days, with a lifespan of up to eight years.
For home breeding, the technique is ideal for urban and rural residents, including laid-off workers, who can utilize idle spaces for small-scale farming.
One method involves building indoor ponds. These ponds should be constructed with materials like bricks, maintaining dimensions that allow access to the opposite side while bending over to reach the bottom. The base should be compacted weathered soil, free from pesticides and chemicals. Cement should reinforce the walls, with a 0.2-meter barrier of glass or plastic around the top to prevent escapes. Rocks or tiles can serve as climbing structures within the pond.
Another approach is using shelves in an indoor setup. Shelves, made of materials like wood or metal, should be spaced 0.3 meters apart. Plastic basins, 0.56 meters in diameter and 0.15 meters deep, are placed on each shelf. The basin's interior must be smooth to prevent escape. A 3 cm layer of weathered soil is added to the bottom, smoothed and compacted. Tiles are stacked upside down in the basin’s center, with edges 8 cm from the basin's edge, increasing the available feeding area.
Density depends on the scorpion's stage of development. For second to third instar larvae, there are 8,000 per square meter, decreasing to 4,500 for fourth to fifth instars, 3,000 for nymphs, and 1,000 for pregnant females.
Temperature is crucial. Between 8°C and 10°C, they hibernate. From 10°C to 12°C, they begin molting. Growth occurs optimally between 22°C and 35°C, with peak activity and appetite at 33°C to 36°C. Temperatures above 39°C cause them to become lethargic, while below 10°C, they cluster together in a dormant state.
Constant temperature control at 33°C to 36°C ensures year-round breeding. Pregnant females can produce up to three litters annually, with over 70 offspring per litter and a survival rate of approximately 90%. By mimicking these conditions, the natural growth cycle can be shortened by two years.
Humidity must also be monitored. While they prefer drier conditions, too dry an environment hinders reproduction. Maintaining a balance with 15%-20% soil moisture and 75% air humidity is optimal.
Feeding mainly consists of Tenebrio molitor larvae, supplemented with other insects like grasshoppers or cockroaches. These larvae are rich in protein and easy to cultivate. Adult Tenebrio are kept in spawning boxes, which are lined with transparent tape to prevent escape.
Managing breeding involves careful attention to temperature, food availability, and health. Preventive measures include regular sterilization of equipment, maintaining cleanliness, and monitoring for signs of illness. Medication can be provided via sponges soaked in medicated solutions.
Venom extraction is done using electronic extractors, with care taken to ensure the process is humane and efficient. The venom is then dried for medical use.
Processing dried medicinal products involves a salting and steaming process to prepare the final product. This method ensures the medicinal properties are retained while making it suitable for storage and sale.
In summary, cultivating zongzi offers a sustainable and lucrative opportunity for those looking to engage in small-scale farming. With proper care and management, the rewards can be significant.