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Newly-purchased pigs enter the "four steps"
Newly purchased pigs often experience significant stress due to changes in their environment, feed, and feeding practices. These changes can lead to dysfunction in various body systems. Small pigs may not grow for about 10 days or even a month and a half, while more severe cases can result in fever, constipation, diarrhea, and even death. To reduce the risk of illness, it is essential to implement a comprehensive approach through the following "four steps."
First, prepare the pens before introducing new pigs. Clean and disinfect the pens thoroughly, especially if they have previously been used for sick animals. Use appropriate disinfectants such as 2% sodium hydroxide solution, 5-10% lysol, or 10% peracetic acid, depending on the type of pathogen present.
Second, select healthy pigs. It’s best to purchase pigs from reliable sources that are known to be healthy. If buying from markets or mobile vendors, ensure they provide the “three certificates†(health certificate, vaccination record, and quarantine permit). When purchasing, ask about the previous feed type, feeding schedule, and frequency. This helps in adjusting feeding practices accordingly. When changing feeds, do so gradually rather than all at once to avoid digestive issues.
Third, offer potassium permanganate water. On the first day after purchase, provide a 0.1% potassium permanganate solution or add antibiotics to the drinking water. Ensure there is always clean, fresh water available. Allow pigs to move freely after drinking, and then offer some green, juicy feed or pelleted feed when they start eating. Gradually introduce concentrated feed starting from the second day, aiming for them to eat about 78% full.
Fourth, transition to normal feeding. Once the piglets have fully adapted to the new environment and management system, they can be moved to regular feeding. Start with free-choice feeding and add doxycycline to the feed at a rate of 0.4–0.8 grams per pig per day to prevent sickness. To support gut health, you can also add yeast powder or baking soda tablets to the feed.
By following these four steps, farmers can significantly reduce the risk of disease in newly purchased pigs and improve their overall health and growth performance.