(1) Variety Selection: The Baiyuchun radish variety grown in Tunliu County, Changzhi City, is well-suited for local conditions. It features fewer leaves, an upright growth habit, and strong resistance to diseases such as downy mildew. The roots are long and cylindrical, typically measuring 22–40 cm in length, 6–10 cm in diameter, and weighing about 1 kg. This variety is known for its high vitamin C content, sweetness, and excellent flavor. It has a short growth cycle of around 60 days and can be cultivated during spring and summer seasons.

(2) Timely Sowing: For spring cultivation, open film mulching is commonly used. Sowing begins on April 7th, with intervals of 5–7 days between each round. The first sowing takes place on April 20th, with 1–2 seeds per hole. A total of 10,000 mu is planted, followed by a 0.5 cm layer of fine soil and plastic film coverage. In summer, the film is not used. Instead, ridges are raised to 15 cm, and sowing starts on June 20th, with planting every 5–7 days. The sowing method and density are similar to those used in spring.

(3) Field Management: After sowing, seedlings usually emerge within 4–5 days. At this stage, manual intervention is required to break and stimulate the seedlings. When the plants have 2–3 true leaves, they are transplanted, shallow tilled, and weeds are removed to help raise the temperature. About 20 days after sowing, the fleshy roots begin to grow. At this point, mud blocks are placed around the edges of the plastic film to prevent it from lifting. During spring cultivation, watering is minimal, with only surface irrigation needed. However, during the root enlargement phase, more water is required based on soil moisture levels. Irrigation should take place at noon on sunny days, followed by drainage after two hours. For summer-planted white jade radishes, the seedling stage coincides with hot and rainy weather. Weeding, soil loosening, and timely drainage after rain are essential management practices to ensure healthy growth.

(4) Timely Harvesting: Spring-planted radishes are harvested from late May to early June, while summer-planted ones are ready from late August to early September. It's important to harvest them in batches once the roots mature to avoid issues like root rot, black roots, or over-ripening, which can reduce market quality. When harvesting, cut the petiole 70 cm above the green stalks, wash the roots, dry them, and transport them in bags.

II. Fertilization Technology

Fertilization primarily relies on organic manure, with top-dressing applied as needed. A combination of multi-element compound fertilizers is used, supplemented with single-element fertilizers. Formula fertilization is employed to maintain soil fertility balance.

(a) Soil Preparation: Before sowing, the soil must be thoroughly prepared to ensure a loose structure with a plow depth of over 30 cm. In spring cultivation, 3,000 kg of composted manure is applied per acre in the fall of the previous year, along with 2,000 kg of organic fertilizer and 30 kg of ternary compound fertilizer in the spring. For summer cultivation, after clearing the previous crop (such as spinach, early wheat, or field crops), 5,000 kg of high-quality organic fertilizer and 30 kg of compound fertilizer are applied.

(b) Timely Fertilization: As the roots begin to swell, top-dressing and watering are essential to meet the plant’s nutrient and water needs. A top-dressing is done 30 days after sowing, using 25 kg of compound fertilizer per acre mixed with 0.5% liquid fertilizer. If the soil is moist, apply the fertilizer 10 cm away from the root. When the leaf area increases, foliar sprays of 0.5% urea and 0.3–0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate are added to enhance growth.

III. Pest and Disease Control

We follow the principle of “prevention first, comprehensive control” and implement harmless control methods, including agricultural, physical, biological, and chemical measures. Only pesticides that comply with green food standards are used, and highly toxic, high-residue, and carcinogenic pesticides are strictly prohibited.

Common diseases include soft rot, black rot, and viral infections. In spring, aphids and spotted flies are the main pests, while in summer, cabbage caterpillars and noctuids require attention. Effective pest control strategies are implemented to protect the crop and ensure quality.

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