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Golden silk jujube opening method
The optimal time for girdling the golden silk jujube tree is at the beginning of full bloom, when most of the flowers on the tree have opened—typically when about 4-5 flowers per cluster are in bloom. The girdling process should be completed when the flowering rate reaches approximately 30% of the total flower buds. This period is ideal because the tree is more likely to produce a higher fruit set and yield, making it easier to achieve good results.
Girdling is usually performed on trees that have started blooming. It should be done at a height of 20–30 cm from the ground on the trunk. Each year, the girdling site should be positioned about 10 cm above the previous year’s cut. The girdling technique involves cutting around the trunk, then returning to the lower part of the trunk to complete the ring.
The specific steps are as follows: First, gently twist the trunk to remove the old bark, creating a strip about 1 cm wide and exposing the pink-colored phloem. Next, use a sharp knife to make two cuts through the phloem, reaching down to the xylem. The distance between these two cuts should be approximately 0.5 cm. Then, carefully remove the phloem along the edge of the cuts, exposing the xylem beneath.
There are several important considerations during the girdling process. First, the width of the girdle should be determined based on the tree's health and age. Mature trees can tolerate a wider girdle, typically 0.5–0.7 cm, while weaker or younger trees should have a narrower cut, around 0.3–0.4 cm. Second, the operation must be precise—each girdle should be smooth, with consistent width and no uneven areas. All the phloem must be completely removed, leaving no remnants behind. However, the upper and lower edges of the girdle should still remain attached to the xylem, avoiding any cracks or damage to the wood. Third, the knife should be held straight, with the lower edge slightly angled upward, so that the bottom of the girdle slopes downward. This prevents rainwater from collecting in the girdled area.
After completing the girdling, apply a solution of 25% monocrotophos pesticide diluted 50–100 times directly into the girdled area to prevent damage from pests like the jujube nail beetle. Apply this treatment once every five days for a total of three applications. About 20 days after girdling, the fruit set should stabilize. At this point, cover the girdled area with a layer of mud to help promote healing and protect the tree from further stress.