Antioxidants are substances that prevent the adverse effects of oxygen. They are a type of substance that can help capture and neutralize free radicals, thereby eliminating the harm of free radicals to the human body.
Antioxidants are food additives that can prevent or delay the food oxidation, improve food stability, and extend storage period. The correct use of antioxidants can not only extend the storage period and shelf life of food, bring good economic benefits to producers and consumers, but also bring better food safety to consumers.
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Precocious high-yielding cultivation techniques in cabbage arch
First, choose high-quality varieties that form tight heads and are not prone to bolting. These varieties are suitable for dense planting and early maturing types. Examples include "China Gan 11," "Lugan 1," and "Zhong Gan 12." These selections help ensure a better yield and reduce the risk of premature flowering.
Second, focus on cultivating strong seedlings. One of the main challenges in spring cabbage production is improper sowing time, which can lead to premature bolting since cabbage is a vernalization crop. If seeds are sown too early, the seedlings may grow excessively and complete their vernalization process under low temperatures, resulting in early bolting. Therefore, it's important to sow at the right time.
Before sowing, prepare the seedbed with sufficient well-decomposed manure or organic fertilizer, and disinfect it using carbendazim. For seed treatment, soak the seeds in warm water at 18°C, then keep them at 15–18°C for germination. Sow the seeds in the morning after watering the bed thoroughly. Once the water has been absorbed, spread the germinated seeds evenly on the surface and cover them with 1 cm of soil. The seeding rate should be 4 grams per square meter, and the seedbed area for 667 m² should be about 5 m².
Do not ventilate the seedbed until the seedlings emerge. Maintain daytime temperatures between 20–25°C and nighttime temperatures between 1–16°C. After the seedlings appear, gradually introduce ventilation, keeping daytime temperatures at 18–20°C and nighttime temperatures at 10–12°C. Once the seedlings have five true leaves, ensure the temperature does not drop below 10°C to prevent vernalization and early bolting.
Third, prepare the soil properly. Choose loose, fertile soil that is slightly acidic or neutral, close to a water source. Apply 5000–7500 kg of well-decomposed manure per 667 m², till the soil to a depth of 20 cm, and create raised beds 1 or 1.5 meters wide. Prepare the field 25 days before planting.
Fourth, plant at the right density. Plant when the ground temperature stabilizes above 5°C, and the temperature doesn't fall below 9°C. Use plastic film arch tunnels for protection, and choose a sunny morning for planting. Be careful when transplanting seedlings to avoid damaging the roots. Water the field, wait for the water to seep in, then cover the soil. Alternatively, dig trenches first, place the seedlings, water them, and plant 5000–6000 seedlings per 667 m².
Fifth, manage the field effectively. After planting, pay attention to cold protection. Cover the seedlings from 4 pm to 9 pm for four weeks, and avoid ventilating for 7–10 days during the seedling stage. Keep daytime temperatures around 25–27°C and nighttime temperatures at 11–15°C. Once the seedlings are acclimated, adjust the temperature to 15–20°C during the day and 12–14°C at night. When the temperature inside the tunnel exceeds 20°C, start ventilating. Remove the small tunnels once the minimum temperature stabilizes above 10°C.
About 15 days after planting, apply the first topdressing with 15 kg of ammonium sulfate per 667 m², along with watering. After controlling the water supply, apply the second topdressing with 30 kg of DAP per 667 m² when the heads begin to form. Water every seven days, and stop watering a few days before harvest to make transportation easier.