Vitamin is a kind of trace organic substance that humans and animals must obtain from food in order to maintain normal physiological functions. It plays an important role in the process of human growth, metabolism and development. Vitamins in the body neither participate in the formation of human cells, nor provide energy for the body.
Scientific studies have found that at least 30 different compounds are considered "Vitamins", of which more than 20 vitamins are known to be necessary for biological health.
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Precocious high-yielding cultivation techniques in cabbage arch
First, selecting high-quality varieties that form tight heads and are less prone to bolting is essential. These varieties are suitable for dense planting and early maturation. Examples include "China Gan 11," "Lugan 1," and "Zhong Gan 12." These types are ideal for spring cultivation due to their strong growth characteristics and resistance to premature flowering.
Second, cultivating healthy seedlings is crucial. One of the main challenges in spring cabbage production is improper sowing timing, which can lead to early bolting. Since cabbage is a vernalization crop, if seeds are sown too early, the plants may go through the vernalization stage prematurely when exposed to cold temperatures, resulting in unwanted bolting. Therefore, it's important to sow at the right time to avoid this issue.
Before sowing, prepare the seedbed by applying sufficient decomposed manure or organic fertilizer. Disinfect the soil using carbendazim to prevent diseases. For seed treatment, soak the seeds in warm water at 18°C, then keep them at 15–18°C for germination. On a sunny morning, water the seedbed thoroughly, wait for the water to be absorbed, and then evenly spread the germinated seeds on the surface. Cover with 1 cm of soil, and use a seeding rate of 4 g per square meter. For 667 m², the seedbed area should be around 5 m².
Avoid ventilating the seedbed before the seedlings emerge. Keep daytime temperatures between 20–25°C and nighttime temperatures between 1–16°C. Once the seedlings appear, start ventilating gradually. Maintain daytime temperatures at 18–20°C and nighttime temperatures at 10–12°C. After the seedlings have developed five true leaves, ensure the temperature does not drop below 10°C to prevent vernalization and early bolting.
Third, prepare the soil carefully. Choose loose, fertile land that is close to a water source and has slightly acidic to neutral soil. Apply 5000–7500 kg of decomposed manure per 667 m², and till the soil to a depth of 20 cm. Create raised beds that are 1 m or 1.5 m wide. Prepare the beds 25 days before planting.
Fourth, plant the seedlings at the right density when the ground temperature stabilizes above 5°C, and the temperature does not fall below 9°C. Use plastic film arch tunnels for protection. Plant on a sunny morning, taking care to protect the soil during transplanting. Water the bed first, wait for the water to absorb, and then cover the roots with soil. Alternatively, dig trenches, place the seedlings in the trenches, water them, and plant about 5000–6000 seedlings per 667 m².
Fifth, manage the field effectively. After planting, focus on temperature control. During the first four weeks, cover the beds with straw mats from 4 PM to 9 AM to maintain warmth. Avoid releasing air for 7–10 days during the seedling stage, keeping daytime temperatures at 25–27°C and nighttime temperatures at 11–15°C. After the seedlings acclimate, adjust the temperature to 15–20°C during the day and 12–14°C at night. If the temperature inside the shed exceeds 20°C in the early growth phase, ventilate appropriately. Once the minimum temperature remains above 10°C, remove the inner plastic covers.
About 15 days after planting, apply the first top dressing with 15 kg of ammonium sulfate per 667 m², followed by watering. After controlling the water supply, when the heads begin to form, apply a second top dressing with 30 kg of DAP per 667 m². Then, water every seven days, and stop watering a few days before harvest to make transportation easier.