Orthopedic external fixation system
The screw orthopedic is inserted into the bone near the fracture, and the fracture is fixed with an external fixator assembled by a chuck and a nail rod.
Indications
open fracture, nonunion, closed fracture with extensive soft tissue injury, fracture with multiple trauma, osteotomy and correction.
The use of orthopaedic external fixators is currently a superior fracture fixation technique, filling the gap between cast and internal fixation. At the same time, orthopedic external fixator has the characteristics of simple fixation method, stable, reliable and effective, and does not limit the joint movement, can be early ambulation advantages. It can reduce the time for the operator and is more friendly to the user. The external fixator was used together with the bone traction needle. In terms of the classification of orthopedic external fixators, it is mainly divided into four types: orthofix type external fixation, ilizarov type external fixation, ao synthes type external fixation,combined external fixator and common external fixators.
The external fixators in orthopaedics was used for reduction (shortening and overlapping displacement were corrected first, then lateral and angular displacement were corrected, and finally rotational and separation displacement were corrected; If closed reduction is difficult, open reduction can be considered, but the separation of soft tissue and peeling of periosteum should be minimized.
The selection of the insertion site.According to the anatomical characteristics of the soft tissue at the insertion plane, the important nerves, vessels and tendons should be avoided; The ideal entry point is the part of the bone close to the subcutaneous, in a word, generally choose the skin and bone between the muscle soft tissue is the weakest point into the needle. The installation shall facilitate observation and control of soft tissue damage, and permit any surgery that may be required, such as repair and reconstruction, dressing change, skin grafting, or bone grafting." According to the location of the bone, different diameters of the threaded needle were selected. Removal was performed after completion of late treatment.
Orthopedic External Fixator,Orthopedic Fixator,External Fixation,External Fixator Jiangsu Aomed Ortho Medical Technology Co.,Ltd , https://www.aomedortho.com
Grafting Seedlings and Cultivation Techniques of Watermelons
Grafting is currently the most effective method for managing watermelon wilt disease, a major challenge in traditional cultivation. By using grafting techniques, farmers can significantly improve plant resistance and yield. Here’s a detailed guide on how to successfully implement grafting in watermelon farming.
First, the process of raising grafted seedlings begins with selecting suitable rootstocks and scions. Local varieties such as October Pu and Japanese Round Pu are commonly used as rootstocks due to their strong resistance to diseases. These are sown one week earlier than the scion seeds. Before planting, both the rootstock and scion seeds are soaked, disinfected, and germinated to ensure healthy growth. The soil used for the nursery must be loose, fertile, well-draining, and free from pathogens. Rootstocks are planted in nutrient pots, while the scions are directly sown on the seedbed. It's important to avoid overlapping cotyledons after emergence to ensure proper spacing and growth.
Next comes the grafting technique itself. The best time to graft is when the first true leaves of the rootstock appear, and the cotyledons have fully spread. Prior to grafting, the seedbeds should be watered every 3-4 days. Ideal conditions for grafting include a temperature around 25°C and a relative humidity of over 90%. Two days before grafting, fungicides like chlorothalonil and carbendazim are applied to prevent disease. During the grafting process, the rootstock’s growing tip is carefully removed with a blade. A sharp bamboo stick is inserted into the cut, and the scion’s stem is then inserted at a 30-degree angle, about 0.6–0.8 cm deep. The scion is cut just below the cotyledon to form a wedge shape and is immediately inserted into the rootstock. This completes the graft.
After grafting, the seedbed requires careful management. The healing period typically lasts 8–10 days. During this time, daytime temperatures should be maintained between 26–28°C, and nighttime temperatures between 20–22°C. After 4–5 days, ventilation and cooling begin. By day 7, the temperature should be reduced to 23–24°C during the day and 18–20°C at night. Watering should be done once after grafting, followed by the installation of a small greenhouse structure. For the next 3–5 days, the area should remain completely shaded and sealed to maintain over 90% humidity. On the third day, light exposure is gradually introduced.
Once the graft has healed, humidity should be reduced, and the temperature difference between day and night should be increased to strengthen the seedlings. Typically, the daytime temperature should be 22–24°C, and the nighttime temperature 10–15°C. Any signs of disease should be treated promptly, and any new rootstock leaves should be removed to encourage the growth of the grafted part.
Finally, when it comes to cultivating grafted watermelons, there are several differences compared to conventional methods. First, planting density can be slightly reduced, allowing for better vine management. Grafted watermelons can support 3–4 vines and produce more fruits, making 450 plants per acre ideal. Second, fertilizer use can be reduced, especially nitrogen, to prevent excessive vine growth. Reducing nitrogen by about 20% is common. Third, pest control focuses on other diseases rather than wilt disease, which is largely prevented through grafting. Farmers should also avoid burying the graft interface during planting to ensure its survival and effectiveness.