Symptoms mainly affect stems and leaf sheaths, which can be infected from the seedling stage to the fruiting stage. The incidence of seedlings, at the beginning of the first leaf and coleoptera between the size of the tip of the small black spots, later extended to leaf sheaths and leaves, was spindle-shaped white spots and insect waste. At the jointing stage, brown cloud spots were formed on the leaf sheaths. The edges were obvious. There were gray and black insect feces on the lesions, and there was a layer of white hyphae in the leaf sheaths. Some stems are also full of hyphae. The leaflet curls. After heading, the hyphae in the leaf sheath turn grayish black, and the surface of the leaf sheath has prominent dark spots (ascospora crust). The base of the stem is dry or folded, forming a withered white spike and a thin grain. SICHUAN UNIWELL BIOTECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. , https://www.uniwellbio.com
The pathogen Gibellina cerealis Pass. The seat was buried under the epidermis of the host and exposed after maturity. The asccus shell is oval in shape and is buried in the sub-base, with a size of 300-430140-270 (μm) and long exposure. Ascospore rod-shaped, with a short handle, size 118-13913.9-16.7 (μm), with 8 ascospores. Ascosporosporidium fusiform, twin, yellow-brown, blunt at both ends, size 27.90–34.96–10 (μm).
Pathogenic conditions of the transmission route are dominated by soil carriers, and untransformed manure can also be transmitted. Pathogens survive in soil for more than 3 years. Wheat can be infested after emergence, and plants generally do not infect each other. Humidity in the field, ground temperature 10-15 °C suitable for stem blight. Wheat is susceptible to disease before the 3rd leaf stage, and the greater the leaf age, the stronger the disease resistance. The degree of disease depends mainly on how much soil bacteria.
Control methods (1) Selection of resistant (resistant) varieties such as Zhongsu No. 68, 2711, Odessa No. 3, etc., can be selected according to local conditions. (2) Strengthen the removal of all diseases and residues in the field when agricultural control measures are implemented. Severely affected fields have implemented rotations for more than three years. The manure mixed with wheat straw must be fully decomposed or fermented with enzymes. In early sowing, the soil temperature has dropped to a 3-leaf stage when the soil temperature is reduced to the optimum temperature for infection, and the disease resistance is enhanced. (3) Chemical control 50% seed dressing double or thiram 400g mixed wheat seed 100kg, or 40% carbendazim wet powder 100g water 3kg mixed wheat seed 50kg, 50% thiophanate-methyl WP powder 0.2% seed dressing.
Wheat stalk blight