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The ammonia-damaged victim was initially immersed in water, and the affected area was light brown, causing serious death of the entire plant. Ammonia poisoning caused by direct application of nitrogen fertilizer showed that the degree of waterlogging from the bottom to the top of the plant gradually increased. Ammonium nitrification fertilizer can be directly volatilized in soil, such as excessive one-time fertilization, excessive application or overburdening, alkaline soil, and soil salinization or acidification, which will increase the volatilization of ammonia. Organic fertilizers also produce large amounts of ammonia during the decomposition process and evaporate into the air. When the ammonia concentration in the shed reaches 0.1% or more, it can harm the vegetables.
Nitrite gas harms its symptoms similar to ammonia gas damage, and leaves also have brown spots.
Sulfur dioxide is mainly damaged by sulfur dioxide. When it encounters water or high humidity, it will turn into sulfurous acid. It will enter the leaf from the leaf pores along with the air, and it will be converted into sulfurous acid and sulfuric acid, causing poisoning to the plants. The affected leaves showed spots in the stomata. When severe, the entire leaf was immersed and gradually chlorotic. When the concentration of sulfur dioxide reaches a certain level, sensitive vegetables appear victimized in 3 to 5 days, and less sensitive vegetables may have symptoms of damage in about 7 days. Sulphur dioxide is derived from the release of sulphur dioxide from the decomposition of raw chicken manure and raw cakes. Inadequate ventilation, suitable photosynthetic environmental conditions, adequate water supply, and high humidity are conducive to the opening of stomata and the conversion of sulphur dioxide to sulphuric acid and sulphuric acid, making sulphur dioxide aggravated.
Prevention methods Top-dressing Top dressing is started when the fruit is harvested for the first time. Top dressing is performed according to the characteristics of the vegetables. The amount of one-time use must not be too large and the application is uniform.
Timely watering due to excessive fertilization, resulting in plants burning roots, watering in an appropriate amount in time to ease the situation.
When loosing soil and ventilating the shed, it is necessary to loosen the soil in time to release the harmful gas as quickly as possible. At the same time, it is necessary to strengthen the ventilation and even the cloudy days. The first is to release the air when the shed is uncovered in the morning. The hazardous gas content in the shed is relatively large. By releasing air, harmful gases are released, the humidity in the shed is reduced, and the disease is reduced; secondly, when the temperature in the shed is high, Extend the air release time to minimize the concentration of harmful gases.
Toxicity of sulfur dioxide in tomato
On November 21st, the author was invited by Wang Hongen, Wang Wangsan Village Hospital, Datian Township, Shouguang City, to visit a tomato greenhouse in the village. The tomato plant grew vigorously in this shed and resulted in many results. It was only found in the bottom to the middle in recent days. Almost all "leaves" of the leaves - brown spots appear at the edge of the leaves, and even the whole edge of the leaves are browned, and the degree of flooding develops. The fruits and middle leaves have no such adverse symptoms. For this reason, the author consulted a vegetable expert who was initially diagnosed as a gas injury after observation and analysis. The common gas hazards are summarized below and are for reference only.