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How to reduce costs and increase efficiency in mountain fish farming
The cost of fishery production mainly consists of pond rent, seed, feed and disease prevention costs. As food prices rose last year, pond rents rose, feed prices rose, and the cost of raising fish increased by about 10% to 20%. In the production process, pond rent and seed are relatively stable. How to reduce feed use and disease prevention costs has become the key to reducing costs and increasing economic efficiency. Here are some of the major aspects of how to reduce the cost of fish farming in the mountainous areas: 1. Choose high-quality varieties. After the fish pond is ready, the breeder should stock the good quality seeds with high growth rate, strong disease resistance and high feed conversion rate. For example, if the aquaculture pure alum is compared with a common aquaculture variety, under the same conditions, the same yield will save about 20% to 30% of the feed, which fully demonstrates the importance of stocking high quality varieties. Second, scientific and reasonable grasp of stocking density. The breeder needs to determine the appropriate stocking density and species based on the local climate and pond water conditions. If the density is too high, the breeding object will live in a poor water environment for a long time. The required feed will surely rise and the disease prevention cost will also increase. On the other hand, if the density is thin, the production capacity of the water body will not be able to be used, and the water will be wasted and the benefit will be reduced. In addition, attention should be paid to the quality of breeding stocks and the appropriate mix between varieties. In the entire production process, it will be arrested in time to keep the best density and promote the growth of fish. Third, actively improve the aquaculture water environment. The key to fish farming is water conservation. The entire process of production should focus on the regulation of the water body and create an excellent water environment. Fish live in water, and the quality of water directly affects its food intake and growth. Therefore, in the production, we must strictly follow the technical operating procedures for production, apply enough base fertilizer, timely top-dressing according to water quality, and regularly add new water and change water. To maintain a relatively stable water quality in the whole aquaculture water, and to provide ample natural palatability feed and dissolved oxygen for farmed fish, which is an important supplementary means to reduce the feed coefficient and reduce the cost of disease prevention. According to the relevant information, the fish's bait coefficient at dissolved oxygen of 3g/L is increased by nearly 1/3 compared with 4mg/L. More than 80% of dissolved oxygen in water is provided by photosynthetic phytoplankton in water. However, in reality, many farmers believe that the use of formulated feeds will negate the need to cultivate water. The poor quality of cultured water will affect the normal growth of fish, resulting in increased feed costs, disease prevention costs, and reduced income. Therefore, in the production process, farmers must pay attention to the cultivation of water quality, timely and scientific fertilization according to water quality conditions, and ensure that the cultured fish live in a good water environment. This is crucial. Fourth, carefully feeding. In the production of high-quality feed to feed, and adhere to the "four principles" principle, to ensure that the fish eat enough nutrition to meet the growth needs. However, in the current culture, many producers are trying to reduce the cost of feeding inferior quality feed, resulting in slow growth of fish, corruption of water quality, outbreak of fish disease and low fishery product quality, and unsatisfactory aquaculture efficiency. This is not worth the candle. This is mainly because aquatic animals have an instinctive avoidance response to inferior feeds in their feeding behavior. The actual reduction in food intake by fish is mostly caused by fertilizers affecting water quality and does not have the effect of feed itself. Fifth, scientific management, to prevent the main. In day-to-day management, adhere to the morning and evening patrols, observe the fish's activities and keep the environment clean. Implementing the principle of prevention as the main principle and disease prevention as early as possible, in the prevention and treatment of fish diseases, it is necessary to prescribe the right medicine, and to consult the technical department in order to avoid unnecessary losses. In addition, when farmers purchase fish medicines, they should purchase products with “three certificatesâ€, and pay attention to requesting purchase certificates, strictly follow the instructions, and store the bags. People cannot leave immediately after spraying. They must observe the condition of the fish at the pond to prevent phytotoxicity. Six, the implementation of integrated operations. Farmers can use the favorable conditions in the mountainous area to grow fish grasses in large quantities, feed fishes with oysters, or implement farming models such as fish, fish and poultry to reduce the cost of farming. If conditions permit, leisure fishing can be carried out to increase the added value. Can also break the traditional sales habits, in addition to the implementation of the round of arrest and listing, to avoid the peak of winter listings, playing time difference, the fish products will be listed after the Spring Festival, to increase the unit price, generally 0.5-1.8% per kilogram increase, so as to achieve Increase efficiency. The benefits of aquaculture are a comprehensive manifestation of many factors. The farmer can only achieve the purpose of cost reduction and efficiency increase by grasping all major links and carefully managing it.