Early crown peach cultivation techniques

Early peaches are selected from field seedlings. After five years of systematic cultivation in 1997-2002, it was confirmed as a new variety with a very early precocity, large fruit size, clean and beautiful fruit color, high quality, and high yield. 1, the main traits 1.1 fruit traits. The fruit is nearly round and the sutures are shallow and distinct, symmetrical on both sides. The fruit size is uniform, with an average fruit weight of 170 grams and a maximum of 235 grams. The background of the fruit is milky white and smooth. At the time of first ripening, the top of the fruit is bright red and the back colored surface is more than 70%. The flesh is white, sweet and brittle, with lots of sap and aroma. The soluble solids are 13.70% nuclear and semi-mucosa, no fruit cracking, and no fruit drop before harvest. 1.2 Growth results characteristics. The tree is strong and relatively open. Long-term, short-fruiting branches can result. The formation of flower buds is easy, the self-fertilization rate is 38%, and the yield is stable. After the annual seedling planting, the results of the single plant in the second year were 8-25, and the result was 1200 kg per mu. In the third year, the result was 2378 kg of mu and the price was 5.60-7 yuan/kg in 2002. The cold temperature is lower than 500 hours, which is very suitable for promoting cultivation. 1.3 phenology period. In Dingshan, Pingdu, Shandong, it usually blooms on April 10-18, and the fruit matures on June 7-12. The growth period is 55-60 days and the leaves fall in late October. 2. Cultivation Techniques 2.1 Establish a suitable site. The early crown peaches performed best with sandy loam with better ventilation. The groundwater level is more than 1 meter, and the soil is wet and sticky; in the ditch and valley, the cold air is easy to be retained in the land, and it is not easy to show outstanding excellent traits. 2.2 Colonization and pruning. Exposed cultivation: Plants, spacing 2 meters 3 meters, should be pruned by spindle-shaped. Plants, row spacing 2 meters and 4 meters, according to the two main branches "Y" shaped plastic; strains, row spacing 3 meters and 4 meters, can be used naturally happy shape. Sapling pruning, thinning strong branch and leggy branches, select the main branch, to maintain the uniaxial extension of the branches, thin and thin branches between the more slowly reduce the vegetative branches and the results of the branches. During the growing season, the tree buds and their backs have been wiped off in time. After Xiehua, remove or retreat the fruitless branches. During the later period of fruit growth, the peripheral branches of Wangwang and inner branches were removed to facilitate ventilation and improve the quality. 2.3 Flower and fruit management. Early crown pollen and high fruit set rate require timely fruit thinning. Generally, the long fruiting branches retain 2-3 fruits, two fruiting branches, weak branches without fruit, sparsely deformed fruit, and fruit, and no leaf fruit. Sparse fruit spacing is not less than 12 cm. Thinning of fruit is completed 2-3 times. The fruit ripening period can be harvested in batches, and the later fruit picking is more developed. 2.4 fertilizer water management. As early as the fruit ripening early, short development period, the demand for nutrients is relatively concentrated. The end of August early in September early Shiji Fei, Mushi high-quality soil fertilizer applied 5000-10000 kg, compound fertilizer 40-50 kg. In the coming year, fertilizers will be applied as early as possible, 40-50 kg of urea and compound fertilizer. 10 to 12 days before fruit coloring, 50 kg of special compound fertilizer is applied to mu. According to weather conditions, properly water 2 to 4 times. 2.5 pest control. Before the germination, it sprays 3-5 degrees lime sulfur to control scale insects, aphids, and pathogens that cause overwintering. Spend 3000 times before flowering. The young fruit spray 1500 times peach Xiaoling + 800 times mold can Ling, prevention of peach aphid, pear small, leaf roller moth and various diseases. In July and August, each spray of diflubenzuron No. 3 2000 times, to prevent leaf miners. At the end of May and early June, it is the key season for prevention and cure of Peach Peel, brown rot, scab, powdery mildew and perforation. It does not pollute the fruit.

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