Chinese Medicinal Materials and Crop Intercropping Patterns
The intercropping of crops and Chinese herbal medicines is a manifestation of scientific farming. It can effectively resolve the contradiction between food and medicine, and make full use of natural resources such as land, light energy, air, water, fertilizer, and heat to bring about marginal effects and inter-plant Mutual benefit. In order to achieve the purpose of food and medicine double harvest. 1. The model of farmland between crops and land is between a field and a arable land of about 70%, while the field headland and canal road dams account for about 30%, and the proportion of mountainous areas and hilly areas is greater. Utilizing these idle lands to grow some varieties of Chinese herbal medicine with strong adaptability and loose requirements on the soil can not only effectively use the land and increase the income, but also reduce the evaporation of water and nutrients, and control the crops due to the growth of weeds. Pest and disease hazards. For example, Chinese herbal medicine honeysuckle, which is resistant to earthworms and drought, is not required by the climate and soil. On the side of the ground, along roads and along the drainage channels, dig holes with a spacing of 80 centimeters, and plant 6 seedlings in each hole, for every 667 square meters. (1 acre) land can be planted with more than 60 holes on each side of zero land, 0.5 kg per hole for a single product, 30 yuan per kilogram for the market price, 15 yuan per hole per year, and 6015 for every 667 square meters. yuan. The varieties of medicinal herbs suitable for planting in other regions include: licorice, Cassia, acute fruit, herb, Schisandra, papaya, Vaccaria, Yushi, Huangqi, Honghua, gentian, and rhubarb. 2. The high stalk and dwarf intercropping pattern high stalk crops and dwarf medicinal herbs are reasonably matched. For the three-dimensional composite population, the vertical distribution space is used to increase the multiple cropping index, and the principle of pre-matured ripening and post-harvest ripening is the principle of the whole year. The utilization of light energy and land has been increased, which has greatly increased economic benefits. Such as Banlangen - corn - Bupleurum "three kinds of income a year" two cropping pattern. In the early spring, 1.5 meters wide on both sides of the ploughed land, sorghum with water ditches on both sides, planted Banlangen on sorghum in March-April, and plant corn on a 60 cm spacing in the draining trench from May to June. Two seedlings are left for conventional management; Banlangen can be harvested when vegetative growth is completed in August, followed by seeding of Bupleurum. Shading of corn can provide good spare parts for the germination of Bupleurum, 15-20 days. It is possible to produce Qimiao seedlings. From September to October, after the corn is harvested, the Bupleurum seedlings can thrive. Crop varieties suitable for this mode of interplanting include: corn, sorghum, sugar cane, cotton and other tall stems, can provide shaded crop species. Planting medicinal herbs with shorter growing time, immature Banlangen, Angelica, Campanulaceae, Chuanxiong, Atractylodes, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Radix Castanopsis, Astragalus, Bupleurum, Pinellia, heterophylla, Coptis chinensis, grass coral, grass fruit and so on. 3. The deep-rooted and shallow-rooted intercropping patterns, based on the characteristics and nutrition of plant species, are reasonably combined into groups with multiple levels of land, light energy, air, and heat resources to increase the thickness of vertical use layers. The input of energy and substances as much as possible into economic products, to increase production and efficiency purposes, such as in the watermelon field intercropping Cassia, Atractylodes and so on. Because the root system of watermelon is shallow, it can not absorb and utilize the nutrition deeper in the soil layer, but its water demand and fertilizer are large, and the absorption rate is low. Therefore, it is necessary to artificially add water and fertilizer and other nutrients. The interplanting of Chinese herbal medicines Cassia, Atractylodes, etc., because of its absorption and use of superfluous nutrients on the surface to reduce nutrient loss, and can absorb the nutrients deeper in the soil to meet their own growth needs. The crop varieties suitable for this model include wax gourd, squash, sweet potato, potato, soybean, etc., and the varieties of Chinese medicinal herbs used for planting include licorice, honeysuckle, astragalus, platycodon, atractylodes macrocephala, white peony, safflower, yam, alfalfa, papaya, anemarrhena, Ginger and saffron. The methods for interposing of Chinese medicinal materials and crops include: inter-temporal sets, inter-sets, inter-temporal sets, inter-temporal sets, and mixed ones. Regardless of the type of intercropping method, care should be taken to ensure that plant type is large and thin, broad and narrow leaves, parallel and upright leaves, long and short growth periods, etc., and attention is paid to light, temperature, moisture, and The relationship between nutritional conditions, maintain the authenticity of Chinese herbal medicine varieties.