Bulb fennel and cucumber efficient cultivation techniques

Autumn and winter bulbous fennel in late July nursery, planting in late August, late November to early December listing, harvested in mid-January, yield 2800 kg per mu, the output value of 6200 yuan, net profit of 5700 yuan. In winter and spring, cucumbers are planted in mid-December and planted in late January. The melons can be harvested in early March and pulled at the end of June. 6000 kilograms per mu, the average selling price of 1.5 yuan / kg, the output value of 9,000 yuan, pure benefits 7000 yuan. Two output value of 15,200 yuan, pure benefits 12,700 yuan. First, the main technical points of bulbous fennel cultivation (a) species selection: selection of high-yield, high-quality, disease-resistant Dutch early maturing varieties. (B) nursery: nursery time is in late July. The seedlings are applied into the decontaminated circulatory fertilizer, and then shallowly re-opened again. The fine leveling is done and the bottom water is poured. After the water seeps, a thin layer of sieved fine soil is spread and the treated seeds are evenly spread on the seedbed. , And then smear soil 1 cm thick, cover shade net, per acre need seedbed 25 square meters, sowing rate of 4 grams per square meter, per acre sowing amount of 100 grams. (C) seedling management: 7-8 days after sowing seedlings, Miao Qi poured a small water, remove the shade net, and then spread to the surface of 0.5 cm thick fine soil, there are 1 to 2 true leaves when the seedlings. Pay attention to locust damage. (IV) Colonization: In late August, the seedlings have 5-6 true leaves. When the height is about 20 cm, the spacing is 40 cm. The planting distance is 30 cm and the plants are planted in the greenhouse. Before the planting, it was irrigated and watered in time to facilitate seedlings after planting. (five) Management after planting: After the planting, the soil should be kept moist, and after the new leaves are grown, cultivating and weeding will be carried out. When one or eight leaves, 500 kilograms of human urine were collected, and when the bulb began to expand, it was applied for the second time. Before the bulb begins to expand, it is necessary to control the water properly, and afterwards, it should be poured in more and more to promote bulb growth. (6) Harvesting: Harvesting can begin when bulbs reach 250 grams or more. Second, winter and spring cucumber cultivation techniques (a) nursery: nutrient soil formula: 50% of organic fertilizer, fertilizer field 50% (three years have not been planted cucumber soil), per cubic meter of nutrient soil added carbendazim 80 grams, Trichlorfon 60 grams. Seeding: Cucumber seeds should be sown 7 days earlier than black-skinned squash, and soaking and germination should be carried out before sowing so as to facilitate seedlings. 1010 cm nutrient pods or block seedlings should be used for sowing, and the spacing of rows of seedlings should be 1010 cm. Geothermal lines should be used as appropriate. Warming. (B) seedbed management: seedbed to cover the film heating, during the day 28 °C -30 °C, 18 °C at night, about 3 days to emerge, after the emergence of the film as the removal of the film, planting should be appropriate to cool before hardening seedlings, Qi after the attention Prevent disease. (3) Grafting and management: Grafting by grafting, flattening the two roots of the rootstock, revealing the true leaves, and fitting the first leaf of the scion for the appropriate period of initial grafting, planting the grafted seedlings in time, and then watering. Grafting seedlings management: seedlings buckle small arch shed, and pay attention to shade, the relative humidity within the small arch shed more than 90%, 3 days can not be ventilated, during the day at room temperature to maintain 25 °C -28 °C, night 16 °C -20 °C, after a week to remove the small arch shed 10-12 days after the wound healed, the fresh leaves of the pumpkin were promptly removed. After 15 days, the cucumber was cut off, and the thiophanate-methyl was used to prevent the disease in the second leaf. (IV) Colonization: Fertilization for soil preparation: 5,000 kg of organic fertilizer per acre, 150 kg of superphosphate, 50 kg of diammonium phosphate, deep-dip, ridging, 80 cm spacing, 40 cm spacing, 28 cm spacing . Colonization: When the seedlings 3-4 true leaves when the colonization, planting when selected sunny, put the seedlings, the cotyledons in the same direction, the grafting incision can not touch the ground, the water seepage after the cover mulch, then the hole will be seedlings lead out, and then the film two Side pressure soil fixed. (five) Management after planting. After the planting, use chlorothalonil smoke agent to smoke the shed at night, pay attention to the greenhouse insulation to promote easing seedlings. After the seedlings are grown, the shed temperature shall be subjected to variable temperature management. Maintain the temperature at 28°C during the day, 10°C to 13°C at night, and the seedling height to be 30 cm. vine. (six) Guagua period management. When the root melon squats and starts to elongate, 15 kg of urea is chased per mu, and the water should be under the film, under the dark irrigation. Pay attention to the water-dressing fertilizer in sunny weather, and top-dressing with watering every other time. As the weather gets warmer, the interval between topdressing and watering is gradually shortened, and the amount of topdressing is gradually increasing. Root melon harvested in time, the plant grows to 25-30 leaves when topping, in order to promote the growth of melon, full fruit weight of 150 grams when a single melon harvested in time. During the day, the room temperature is maintained at 32°C or higher, and the air is properly ventilated. At night, the air temperature is maintained at about 12°C. When the minimum temperature outside the greenhouse reaches 15°C or above, it is necessary to ventilate day and night. Even if there is rain, it is necessary to insist on uncovering the grasshopper and make full use of scattered light. Timely remove the old leaves of the lower yellow, diseased leaves, diseased melon, depending on the situation, let the rope drop down. (seven) increase CO2 gas fertilizer. Zhi Guo dual-micro CO2 gas fertilizer was used. The method was: sowing, one sowing per square meter on the central hole and a depth of 3 cm. When the soil moisture is about 80%, and when the ground temperature is 15°C or more, CO2 can be continuously produced for about one month after one application, which can effectively supplement the CO2 in the greenhouse. (8) Pest control. Downy mildew: 50 g of cefotaxime and 50 g of mancozeb plus 25 kg of water spray. Blight: Spray with 500-fold solution of metalaxyl Mn-Zn or 64% anti-virus 500 times. Control of aphids and whitefly: Aphids are controlled by extermination of tobacco smoke or sprayed with 2000-3000 times of cypermethrin, while whitefly is treated with purofurazone. (Source: Hebei Agricultural Technology Extension Station)

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