Anti-season cultivation of green garlic
Garlic is an allium vegetable. After cultivation, when the stems and leaves are tender, they are harvested and used as edible garlic. Garlic likes frozen weather, but with the export and market requirements, cultivation of garlic in summer has become a new way to increase economic income. The main technologies are now described below. First, the requirements of environmental conditions 1. Temperature: garlic as cold vegetables. The suitable temperature for the growth of stems and leaves is 12 to 16°C, and the optimum temperature for the development of stems and bulbs is 15 to 20°C. 2. Light: Green garlic is a long-day crop that begins flower bud differentiation and scale bud differentiation under long day conditions, and promotes the formation of bulbs. 3. Soil: Garlic is a shallow rooted crop. Wet, drought-fighting and hi organic fertilizers must be planted in fertile soil to obtain high quality and high yield. Second, the appropriate sowing period in the summer cultivation of garlic, heat and resistance should be selected varieties. Sowing period is generally from mid-May to mid-August, and the specific time depends on the altitude (usually better than 600 meters above sea level). Green garlic production in the mountains in summer, the higher the altitude, the lower the temperature, the more favorable to the development of garlic, and the higher yield, but long growth period. 3. Before planting and planting, one should choose a field of non-garlic or other onion and garlic. The soil is well-drained and fertile sandy loam. Garlic has a light root system and weak absorption of fertilizers. Apply organic fertilizer before planting. General 667 square meters of fermented compost 2000 to 3000 kg or 50,000 to 2000 kg of manure, 50 kg of phosphate fertilizer, after piled up as base fertilizer. Sorghum planting, specifications for the width of 1.1 to 1.5 meters Baogou, 7 to 10 lines of planting. Garlic seed used for summer garlic production is generally harvested between March and April. Because garlic has dormancy, it will affect the germination rate, so it should be prepared as soon as possible. The choice of garlic must be in the same variety of garlic balls, garlic, solid, no pests. If the sowing period is from May to June, the new garlic species (from March to April when harvested) do not have enough dormancy, and the garlic seeds should be treated at a low temperature of 5 to 10°C for 7 to 10 days, and the garlic seeds should be submerged before planting. 3 to 5 hours, so that the garlic species expansion, slightly dry after sowing. This can promote germination and growth and harvest 20-30 days earlier. Planting specifications used 136.5 to 10 centimeters of row spacing, and more than 150 kilograms per 667 square meters. Don't be too deep when sowing. Cover grass after sowing to cool and moisturize. Fourth, field management 1. Fertilization: The production of green garlic to be more effective fertilizer organic fertilizer, that is, the next foot base fertilizer. When the garlic leaves grow to 7 cm in length, topdressing is performed. Every 5 to 7 days topdressing 1 times, every 667 square meters with 2 to 3 kg of urea plus water 800 to 1200 kg application. After several times of application, urea and potassium chloride or compound fertilizer can be used instead, applied once every 6 to 7 days. After each application of fertilizer, rinse with water once more. 2. Moisture Management: After sowing, keep the soil moist to promote growth. If the soil is dry, germination is slow and irregular. Garlic roots are more tolerant to moisture, but the roots are perishable and the growth is inhibited when water accumulates in the field. In severe cases, the garlic leaves turn yellow and wither, so clear water must be drained. Irrigation is important during the initial stages of cultivation to promote root and root development. When the weather is dry, water is applied 5 to 7 days. 3. Weeding: Due to the high planting density and the small spacing of the rows, manual weeding in the garlic field is extremely labor-intensive. Therefore, the use of herbicides is effective and convenient. The method of use is: after garlic is planted, slightly cover the soil, soak noodles, use 72% Dole EC per 667 square meters, add 60 liters of water, spray evenly on the surface, and then cover the grass. Note that the soil must be kept moist before and after spraying, and the topsoil on the surface cannot be turned. 4. Diseases and pests control: Summer garlic cultivation in the off-season, the main diseases are virus disease, black spot disease, etc. The main insect pests are thrips, aphids, and spider mites. Disease prevention and control: Infected strains of the disease should be removed as soon as possible, and pay attention to control of aphids and thrips, so as not to spread the virus, and the other can be used to spray 1.0% of the plant disease Ling 1000 times. In the early stage of black spot, spray with 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder and 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 800 times. Hummer can be sprayed with 20% Connaught 4000 times. Aphids can be sprayed with 10% chlorfenapyr WP 2000 times. Red spiders can be sprayed with chlorpheniramine or konjac 1500 times. When approaching harvesting, pesticides should be used with caution. V. Harvesting Garlic is usually harvested for 60 to 80 days after sowing. Earlier harvesting, soft quality, high price, but low yield; too late harvest, there will be more fiber stems and leaves, poor quality. Specific harvesting standards should be based on export and market requirements. It is advisable to harvest green garlic in the early morning or early evening.