Improvement and fertilization of old vegetable fields

Due to the cultivation of vegetables for many years, the garden soil is aging, the soil strength is decreasing, the pests and diseases are also serious year by year, and the economic benefits are reduced. For the old vegetable plots, the following measures should be taken to improve and fertilize. First, increase farm fertilizer, improve soil fertility. Practice has proved that applying chemical fertilizers all year round not only has high production costs, but also results in soil compaction, loss of fertilizer retention and fertilizer supply. The base of vegetable gardens must be farmed with fertilizers. Soils should be improved to increase humus, so that factors such as water, fertilizer, gas, heat and bacteria in the cultivation layer can be harmonized to create a good environment with proper temperature, humidity, and complete fertilizer for the growth of roots, stems and leaves of vegetables. Second, use chemical fertilizers and improve them. The vegetable garden is not the same as the acidity, the chemical fertilizers used should also be different, otherwise it will make it more acidic or alkaline. Test strips can be used to determine soil pH. If the test paper is pink or red in its soil solution, it is acidic; if it is blue or dark blue, it is alkaline. Alkaline soil should be improved with lime (30-40 kg per mu) or plant ash (40-50 kg for seedlings) to make it into a near-neutral soil. In the application of chemical fertilizers, alkaline fertilizers such as ammonium bicarbonate, ammonia water, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and phosphate rock powder should also be used for targeted improvement. If the soil is alkaline, ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, superphosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate and other acidic fertilizers should be used for targeted improvement. Urea is a neutral fertilizer and can be applied to both acid and alkaline soils. Third, crop rotation, intercropping intercropping. Practice has proved that tomatoes, peppers, eggplants, potatoes, broad beans, peas, legumes, melons, etc., such as continuous cropping every year, not only low yield, poor quality, but also more serious pests and diseases. Therefore, vegetable gardens need to implement different crop rotations to improve the soil and avoid the lack of a certain element in the soil (because the same kind of vegetables, the fertilizer elements are the same), but also reduce the Severe occurrence of pests and diseases and the accumulation of certain harmful (toxic) substances in the soil (since the diseases and pests of the same vegetable are the same, and the poisonous substances excreted by them are also the same). In addition, the use of high- and short-plant intercropping in vegetable fields is also a good way to increase the multiple cropping index, unit yield, overall efficiency, and the full use of land, seasons, light and heat, space, and labor. At the same time, in the process of multiple tillage, fertilization, and field management, the vegetable garden has also obtained the comprehensive effect of ripening, improvement and reduction of diseases, insects, and weeds.

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